Zealots

Zealots
Those prepared to take up arms against the Romans occupying Palestine. As a group they came into existence at the beginning of the Jewish rebellion in 66 CE, but there was much social unrest as early as 6 CE, when Judas the Galilean led a revolt against the census of Quirinius (Acts 5:37). Jesus had a sympathizer with this movement among the Twelve [[➝ Twelve, the]] (Luke 6:15). By 66 CE, however, the name came to signify an organization or coalition of bandits, terrorists, and the unemployed to fight the Romans. The identification of Jesus with a popular movement of rebellion has been argued on the ground of his suffering crucifixion, the form of execution for a terrorist or rebel. The theory, however, is unlikely, since Jesus' teaching about the kingdom of God was not given in language typical of the later Zealotry (cf. Mark 12:17). It could be that Simon, called the Zealot by Luke but ‘the Cananaean’ by Mark (3:18) which means in Aramaic a zealot in the sense of an enthusiast, gets this name because of his personal character. Or perhaps he was an enthusiast for God (like Paul, Acts 22:3).

Dictionary of the Bible.

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